《植物生理学报》 2021, 57(3): 623-631
γ-氨基丁酸对玻璃化胁迫下越橘试管苗生长与生理代谢
的影响
通信作者：夏秀英；E-mail: xx47@dlut.edu.cn
摘 要：
以越橘属植物Vaccinium corymbosum ‘奥尼尔’ ‘伊丽莎白’ ‘春高’ ‘南金’等品种的玻璃化试管苗为材
料, 探究了培养基中添加γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)对玻璃化苗生长及生理代谢的影响。结果表明, 0.5 g·L-1 GABA对玻璃化试管苗的恢复效果最好, ‘奥尼尔’的恢复率可达81.84%, 较未添加GABA的处理提高了49.51%。0.5 g·L-1 GABA可明显促进各品种试管苗恢复后的生长分化, 显著提高试管苗的株高及增殖倍数。培养基中添加GABA后, ‘奥尼尔’试管苗的各项生理指标发生了显著变化。与未添加GABA的处理相比, 试管苗组织含水量以及叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量分别增加了12.87%、 62.63%、21.69%、 38.39%和50.85%; 超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性分别提高了11.23%和14.82%; 相对电导率及丙二醛(MDA)含量分别降低了21.00%和47.19%。可见, GABA可通过提高渗透调节能力和抗氧化能力缓解玻璃化对试管苗造成的伤害, 促进玻璃化试管苗恢复正常; 同时, 可通过提高叶绿素的含量增强光合作用, 促进玻璃化苗恢复后的生长。
关键词： 越橘(Vaccinium corymbosum); γ-氨基丁酸; 玻璃化试管苗; 恢复; 生理指标
收稿：2020-10-20 修定：2021-01-06
Corresponding author: XIA Xiuying; E-mail: xx47@dlut.edu.cn
Abstract:
Hyperhydric plantlets of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) varieties including ‘O’Neal’, ‘Elizabeth’, ‘Springhigh’ and ‘Southgold’ were used as materials to explore the effect of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on growth and physiological metabolism of hyperhydric shoots. The results show that 0.5 g·L-1 GABA has the best recovery effect on hyperhydric shoots. The recovery rate of ‘O’Neal’ hyperhydric shoots was 81.84%, which was 49.51% higher than the treatment without GABA. 0.5 g·L-1 GABA can obviously promote the growth and differentiation of each variety after hyperhydricity recovery. The plant height and propagation coefcient of plantlets were signifcantly increased. After adding GABA to the medium, the physiological indices of ‘O’Neal’ plantlets changed signifcantly. Compared with the treatment without GABA, the contents of tissue water, chlorophyll, soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline of plantlets increased by 12.87%, 62.63%, 21.69%, 38.39% and 50.85%, respectively; the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enhanced by 11.23% and 14.82%, respectively; and the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased by 21.00% and 47.19%, respectively. It is indicated that GABA can alleviate the damage caused by hyperhydricity to plantlets and promote hyperhydric plantlets to return to normal by improving osmotic regulation ability and anti-oxidation ability. At the same time, the photosynthesis could be enhanced by increasing chlorophyll content to promote the growth of hyperhydric plantlets after recovery.
Key words: Vaccinium corymbosum; γ-aminobutyric acid; hyperhydric plantlet; recovery; physiological indices
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